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The urban-rural dual structure is an old tickets 2008-10-15
Native China and the cultural consciousness" as a problem, has more than 100 years time. It is several generations of Chinese intellectuals on local historical and cultural traditions brass fitting with the world the reality of the situation on the overall situation of China's road of reflection, but also several generations of Chinese scholars in the modern Western social science theories of the Acquisition and creatively with the reality of Chinese society Thoughts on the China issue Qiaqie perspective.
In our chapter excerpt, the Chinese People's University of Agriculture and Rural Development Institute president, the famous three agricultural expert Wen Tiejun, a detailed exposition of the urban-rural dual structure of the long-term.
Today's urban-rural relations
Since the three agricultural issues be treated as top priority, the academic community opened a lot of prescriptions, one of which is urbanization.
I remember, to discuss policy community to break the urban-rural dual structure, urban and rural areas so that farmers opened in cities, began in 1984, "Dabao Gan," completed in 1985 "No. 1 Document" ready when introduced. From 1982 to allow promote the household contract system, farmers have their own planting decisions, the right culture, agricultural production of cash crops increased, accompanied by a policy of progressive liberalization of agricultural products on the market price, farmers voluntarily entered the city fresh agricultural products sales , Such as vegetables, fruits, eggs, meat and so on, trafficking, a lot of business there. Changes in the role of this objective, the 1985 "No. 1 Document" has clearly introduced before the "opening of the urban and rural, to break the urban-rural dual structure." At that time, the discussion of the nature of the problem has to say clearly that the urban-rural dual structure is essentially a confrontation between urban and rural areas, urban to rural deprivation, or that all citizens of a denial of the farmers.
Although this was already discussed in great depth, but not in 1985 promulgated the "No. 1 Document" in full expression. Mainly due to various interest groups in the city refused to sell interests. This phenomenon 20 years ago is so, 20 years after the still no fundamental changes. Thus, although we can to speed up the urbanization theory is a reasonable choice, but in reality, who had conscientiously sum up, 20, of one generation, is not short, China's urban-rural dual structure of such relations can not be antagonistic Why not break the fundamental »
Originally reason is very clear, it is because the city needs with the interests of the urban and rural structure can be achieved. Xiao-Shan Zhang said that now the farmers go out to work very common, almost Who are. Note, however, that in fact, the older generation who has come back to work, now out of the next generation of workers who work. The reason why they can not settle in the city, not because of housing problems, low-cost housing brass fitting problem, but because the eastern coastal areas and cities of interest groups to occupy the rural wage is the best age, that is, before and after the age of 18 to 25 78 This time, beyond the age of majority not on the.
As the only person to view the factors of production, transposition thinking anyone can think that if you are entrepreneurs, what you have to » Of course, as long as the best age workers, particularly in the production line workers, because the best age to most families, and point classes is not particularly tired, once the best of this age group who will be easy to fatigue, illness , The family also slow, and so on.
And we know that in the eastern coastal areas under the pressure brass fitting of global competition, so far, the general product processing industry, the overall industry average profit in significant decline. Especially in the South "three to a meeting", namely the processing trade of the region and their average margin has dropped to below 5 percent. The original of these areas is mainly eat the processing fees that eat white workers is the residual value. Because the majority of enterprises in these areas are "two outstanding", processing industry can produce high profits in areas largely overseas. brass ball valve
To fish for these foreign workers to the labor surplus value, we must form a complete set of institutionalized structure of the distribution of interests. Central to any so-called "goodwill", once to the unspoken rules of the local operation, all to only 10% of the local capital interest groups benefit system. For example, labor protection, we stress to people-centered, to the minimum requirements to protect workers, three insurance requirements, and so on, "Labor Law", are written. But the result, it is to require all foreign workers to pay more of a child - that is deducted from wages, again for a stay in the local social security departments. This is because our social security system is not a national, is paid by local finance. The local peasants to join the social security system, the surface, it is conducive to workers, but in fact it is conducive to local interest groups. After the completion of a peasant workers to return to Hongo, whether paid work-related injuries, ill, old-age pension, unemployment insurance, and so any, the Government, as requested by the public goods brass fitting mostly to stay in the local insurance, the Social Security wage is not taking the belt. brass ball valve